Linear discriminant projection embedding based on patches alignment

Dimensionality reduction is often required as a preliminary stage in many data analysis applications. In this paper, we propose a novel supervised dimensionality reduction method, called linear discriminant projection embedding (LDPE), for pattern recognition. LDPE first chooses a set of overlapping patches which cover all data points using a minimum set cover algorithm with geodesic distance constraint. Then, principal component analysis (PCA) is applied on each patch to obtain the data's local representations. Finally, patches alignment technique combined with modified maximum margin criterion (MMC) is used to yield the discriminant global embedding. LDPE takes both label information and structure of manifold into account, thus it can maximize the dissimilarities between different classes and preserve data's intrinsic structures simultaneously. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by extensive experiments using three standard face databases (ORL, YALE and CMU PIE). Experimental results show that LDPE outperforms other classical and state of art algorithms.     

Study on pharyngeal and uvular consonants in foreign accented Arabic for ASR

This paper investigates the unique pharyngeal and uvular consonants of Arabic from the point of view of automatic speech recognition (ASR). Comparisons of the recognition error rates for these phonemes are analyzed in five experiments that involve different combinations of native and non-native Arabic speakers. The most three confusing consonants for every investigated consonant are discussed. All experiments use the Hidden Markov Model Toolkit (HTK) and the Language Data Consortium (LDC) WestPoint Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) database. Results confirm that these Arabic distinct consonants are a major source of difficulty for Arabic ASR. While the recognition rate for certain of these unique consonants such as // can drop below 35% when uttered by non-native speakers, there is advantage to include non-native speakers in ASR. Besides, regional differences in pronunciation of MSA by native Arabic speakers require the attention of Arabic ASR research.     

Dynamic Bayesian networks and variable length genetic algorithm for designing cue-based model for dialogue act recognition

The automatic recognition of dialogue act is a task of crucial importance for the processing of natural language dialogue at discourse level. It is also one of the most challenging problems as most often the dialogue act is not expressed directly in speaker’s utterance. In this paper, a new cue-based model for dialogue act recognition is presented. The model is, essentially, a dynamic Bayesian network induced from manually annotated dialogue corpus via dynamic Bayesian machine learning algorithms. Furthermore, the dynamic Bayesian network’s random variables are constituted from sets of lexical cues selected automatically by means of a variable length genetic algorithm, developed specifically for this purpose. To evaluate the proposed approaches of design, three stages of experiments have been conducted. In the initial stage, the dynamic Bayesian network model is constructed using sets of lexical cues selected manually from the dialogue corpus. The model is evaluated against two previously proposed models and the results confirm the potentiality of dynamic Bayesian networks for dialogue act recognition. In the second stage, the developed variable length genetic algorithm is used to select different sets of lexical cues to constitute the dynamic Bayesian networks’ random variables. The developed approach is evaluated against some of the previously used ranking approaches and the results provide experimental evidences on its ability to avoid the drawbacks of the ranking approaches. In the third stage, the dynamic Bayesian networks model is constructed using random variables constituted from the sets of lexical cues generated in the second stage and the results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approaches for designing dialogue act recognition model.     

Towards a web-based progressive handwriting recognition environment for mathematical problem solving

The emergence of pen-based mobile devices such as PDAs and tablet PCs provides a new way to input mathematical expressions to computer by using handwriting which is much more natural and efficient for entering mathematics. This paper proposes a web-based handwriting mathematics system, called WebMath, for supporting mathematical problem solving. The proposed WebMath system is based on client–server architecture. It comprises four major components: a standard web server, handwriting mathematical expression editor, computation engine and web browser with Ajax-based communicator. The handwriting mathematical expression editor adopts a progressive recognition approach for dynamic recognition of handwritten mathematical expressions. The computation engine supports mathematical functions such as algebraic simplification and factorization, and integration and differentiation. The web browser provides a user-friendly interface for accessing the system using advanced Ajax-based communication. In this paper, we describe the different components of the WebMath system and its performance analysis.     

基于改进联合模型的人脸表情识别

在联合主动表观模型和主动形状模型的基础上,充分挖掘标定点之间的联系,提出一种局部纹理模型构建方法。通过改进匹配算法提高特征点的定位精度和匹配速度。将该算法提取到的人脸表情特征输入最近邻分类器,分类结果表明其识别率较高。     

基于D-S证据的多语段融合语音情感识别

为获得更丰富的情感信息、有效识别长语音的情感状态,提出基于D-S证据理论的多粒度语段融合语音情感识别方法。采用2种分段方法对语音样本分段,用SVM对语段进行识别,再利用D-S证据理论对各语音段识别结果进行决策融合,得到2种分段方法下语音的情感识别结果,将这2个识别结果进一步融合得到最终结果。实验结果表明,该方法具有较好的整体识别性能,能有效提高语音情感的识别率。     

应用改进最小距离分类法识别泵功图工况

最小距离分类法广泛应用于文字,图像识别领域。泵功图是封闭的二值曲线图像,可用于判别抽油井各种工况。对最小距离分类法进行改进,并把获得的泵功图进行形态学处理,使之优化为标准功图,然后应用最小距离分类法对油井现场获得的61幅泵功图进行工况分类。实验结果表明,这种方法对泵功图分类是可行的,正确率较高。     

基于红外反射式传感器的循迹车系统设计

采用红外反射式传感器设计了一种循迹车系统。硬件方面,介绍了红外循迹电路、电机驱动电路和测温模块的设计方法;软件方面,给出了循迹模块算法和目标物识别算法。经实验验证,循迹车能在黑色引导线上稳定可靠地运行,并在偏离导线时自动纠偏。     

改进的Gabor滤波算法在指纹识别中的应用

指纹自动识别系统中图像的处理和匹配算法在系统的设计中起了尤为重要的作用,本文对Gabor滤波算法进行了简化,同时引入了HGF（Half Gabor Filter）对指纹图像进行了增强处理。实验结果表明经过这种改进的Gabor滤波算法提高了图像的处理速度,并很好的保留纹线的关键信息。     

基于计算机视觉的人脸检测与识别综述

人脸检测与识别是当前图像处理、模式识别和计算机视觉领域内的一个热门研究课题,在回顾人脸检测与识别技术发展历程的基础上,对人脸检测与识别的多种相关技术作了介绍与评论,着重讨论了检测定位方法与识别算法,比较了各种方法的优缺点,最后介绍了此技术的发展趋势。